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Solstrand Hotel & Bad

Hot water circulation solution - CO₂ heat pumps and Thermal Box

Bergen, Norway

Solstrand Hotel & Bad
Ground breaking
First ever application
Compact
8 times less space required than water tank
Thermal Box standard unit
75 kWh

The challenge

A domestic hot water system with recirculation needs heat even when no one is drawing water. This is a known challenge for CO₂ heat pumps: they need a low return temperature to operate efficiently, while water returning from the recirculation loop is much warmer. This has been a problem that has frustrated engineers for a long time.

The solution

To charge a Thermal Box to 65°C at the same time as the heat pump produces domestic hot water in the conventional tanks. The Thermal Box takes over the recirculation load when the heat pump is not running, for example at night.

The results

The hotels' technical director, Terje Klyve, explains: “If you want to be part of the game, you have to stay a little ahead. You have to want something, and you also have to be willing to take some risks to succeed. You should not jump at every possible idea, but when something makes sense, it is great fun to try it,” he says. Together with Gert Nielsen, energy storage geek at Multiconsult, Klyve and the Cartesian team came up with this solution, and it is now running smoothly.

Common questions

Got questions about thermal storage?

From PCM chemistry and lifetime to indoor vs outdoor installs and typical payback — the answers are in the full FAQ.

Read all questions
What is thermal energy storage?

The term is used when storing energy as heat or cold, which can be released at a later stage. The heat or cold is usually stored when energy is cheap and then released when the heating or cooling demand is at a peak or the cost of energy is high.

What is PCM?

PCM means Phase Change Material and refers to any material that changes state, for example from solid to liquid, when reaching a certain temperature. This phase change enables large amounts of energy to be absorbed or released. Water is one PCM, storing cold at zero degrees Celsius by changing phase to ice. Cartesian uses a wide variety of other materials, such as bio-based waxes, to store heat or cold at different temperatures.

Is the Thermal Box and the PCM flammable?

For applications with HVAC systems, Cartesian's Thermal Box is not considered flammable. While some PCM might be flammable when they reach temperatures above 100 °C or more, the Thermal Box is designed to eliminate any risks of reaching flammability conditions in operations.

Are PCMs safe?

Cartesian offers only safe PCMs and primarily uses bio-based PCMs in the Thermal Box. The PCM will stay in the Thermal Box for its whole lifetime and is not consumed during operation. The Thermal Box is also designed to avoid any risk of PCM leakage.

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